Síntesis informativa - 20 de noviembre 2018
THE NEW YORK TIMES
In Bosnia, Entrenched Ethnic Divisions Are a Warning to the World
MOSTAR, Bosnia and Herzegovina — When a fire breaks out in the Bosnian city of Mostar, Sabit Golos, a veteran firefighter, knows that he does not have to worry unless the flames take hold on the Muslim side of what, from 1992 until 1994, was the front line in a vicious ethnic conflict.
That is because Mostar, though long at peace, has two separate fire brigades, one made up mostly of Muslims like Mr. Golos, who are responsible for putting out fires on the east side of the old front line and a second one staffed by Catholic Croats who douse flames on the other side.
The line vanished long ago as a boundary between warring communities and does not officially exist. But it lives on in the mind, an emblem of the ethnonationalist fissures that paralyze Mostar and the whole of Bosnia.
As Europe and the United States struggle with the rise of ethnic nationalism as a divisive force, Bosnia’s divisions offer a dark lesson in how, once cleaved apart by fear and fighting, communities can stay splintered long after many people have forgotten what it was that pushed them apart.
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/19/world/europe/mostar-bosnia-ethnic-divisions-nationalism.html
Palm Oil Was Supposed to Help Save the Planet. Instead It Unleashed a Catastrophe.
The fields outside Kotawaringin village in Central Kalimantan, on the island of Borneo, looked as if they had just been cleared by armies. None of the old growth remained — only charred stumps poking up from murky, dark pools of water. In places, smoke still curled from land that days ago had been covered with lush jungle. Villagers had burned it all down, clearing the way for a lucrative crop whose cultivation now dominates the entire island: the oil-palm tree.
The dirt road was ruler straight, but deep holes and errant boulders tossed our tiny Toyota back and forth. Trucks coughed out black smoke, their beds brimming over with seven-ton loads of palm fruit rocking back and forth on tires as tall as people. Clear-cut expanses soon gave way to a uniform crop of oil-palm groves: orderly trees, a sign that we had crossed into an industrial palm plantation. Oil-palm trees look like the coconut-palm trees you see on postcards from Florida — they grow to more than 60 feet tall and flourish on the peaty wetland soil common in lowland tropics. But they are significantly more valuable. Every two weeks or so, each tree produces a 50-pound bunch of walnut-size fruit, bursting with a red, viscous oil that is more versatile than almost any other plant-based oil of its kind. Indonesia is rich in timber and coal, but palm oil is its biggest export. Around the world, the oil from its meat and seeds has long been an indispensable ingredient in everything from soap to ice cream. But it has now become a key ingredient of something else: biodiesel, fuel for diesel engines that has been wholly or partly made from vegetable oil.
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/20/magazine/palm-oil-borneo-climate-catastrophe.html
‘We Are Willing to Die Here’: The Fight for Women’s Rights in Yemen
In 2015, a coalition of nine countries, led by Saudi Arabia and backed by the United States and Britain, began a bombing campaign against the Houthi rebels, a militia of Iranian-backed Zaydi Shiites from the northern part of Yemen that had seized control of much of the country. The coalition has since reclaimed some of the lost territory, but the Houthis continue to hold the capital, Sana, and the key port city of Hudaydah, which most humanitarian aid flows through, and the fighting has reached a stalemate. The war has officially claimed more than 10,000 lives, although the number is likely much higher, and has pushed 14 million people to the brink of starvation. Women and children make up most of the displaced people now living in makeshift camps and slums on the outskirts of Aden. Most of them are illiterate and are forced to beg or rely on humanitarian aid for survival. The United Nations reports that the war has destroyed government institutions responsible for protecting the most vulnerable members of society from abuse. Of the 22.2 million Yemenis in need of assistance, more than three million women and girls are at risk of domestic violence, sexual assault and rape.
The territory formerly known as North Yemen, which includes the capital, has always been repressive, according to women’s rights activists on the ground, while the region that was once South Yemen, a sovereign country between 1967 and 1990, was a bastion of women’s rights in the Arabian Peninsula. The years following South Yemen’s independence from British rule in 1967 were a golden age for women, who were educated, employed and empowered alongside men. Legislation adopted in 1974 codified a progressive women’s rights agenda that allowed women to petition for divorce on the same grounds as men, required a woman’s consent before a wedding could take place and set the minimum age of marriage for girls at 16.In 2015, a coalition of nine countries, led by Saudi Arabia and backed by the United States and Britain, began a bombing campaign against the Houthi rebels, a militia of Iranian-backed Zaydi Shiites from the northern part of Yemen that had seized control of much of the country. The coalition has since reclaimed some of the lost territory, but the Houthis continue to hold the capital, Sana, and the key port city of Hudaydah, which most humanitarian aid flows through, and the fighting has reached a stalemate. The war has officially claimed more than 10,000 lives, although the number is likely much higher, and has pushed 14 million people to the brink of starvation. Women and children make up most of the displaced people now living in makeshift camps and slums on the outskirts of Aden. Most of them are illiterate and are forced to beg or rely on humanitarian aid for survival. The United Nations reports that the war has destroyed government institutions responsible for protecting the most vulnerable members of society from abuse. Of the 22.2 million Yemenis in need of assistance, more than three million women and girls are at risk of domestic violence, sexual assault and rape.
The territory formerly known as North Yemen, which includes the capital, has always been repressive, according to women’s rights activists on the ground, while the region that was once South Yemen, a sovereign country between 1967 and 1990, was a bastion of women’s rights in the Arabian Peninsula. The years following South Yemen’s independence from British rule in 1967 were a golden age for women, who were educated, employed and empowered alongside men. Legislation adopted in 1974 codified a progressive women’s rights agenda that allowed women to petition for divorce on the same grounds as men, required a woman’s consent before a wedding could take place and set the minimum age of marriage for girls at 16.
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/20/magazine/yemen-war-women.html
Netanyahu’s Coalition in Israel Survives, for Now
JERUSALEM — The government of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu of Israel appeared to have averted collapse on Monday — at least for now — after a hawkish coalition partner backed down from a threat to defect, which probably would have forced early elections.
Mr. Netanyahu’s right-wing and religious coalition, led by his conservative Likud party, was weakened by the resignation last week of the hard-line defense minister, Avigdor Lieberman, and the withdrawal of his party, Yisrael Beiteinu, leaving the government with a parliamentary majority of just one.
The Jewish Home party and its leader, Naftali Bennett, had threatened to leave the coalition, too, which would have left the government without a majority. But on Monday, in a sharp turnaround, the party retreated.
With elections due in November 2019, the remaining coalition partners are already in campaign mode and experts said the brittle government was unlikely to last more than a few months.
THE GUARDIAN
Trump inflated importance of Saudi arms sales to US job market, report says
US arms sales to Saudi Arabia give Washington extensive leverage on Riyadh, while accounting for fewer than 20,000 US jobs a year – less than a twentieth of the employment boost Donald Trump has claimed – according to a new report.
Trump has repeatedly cited the importance of Saudi arms sales to the US economy as a reason not to cut the supply of weapons in response to the murder of the Saudi writer and Washington Post columnist, Jamal Khashoggi.
Enlace al informe sobre el apoyo militar de EU a Arabia Saudita: https://docs.wixstatic.com/ugd/3ba8a1_5e9019d625e84087af647e6cb91ea3e2.pdf
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/20/donald-trump-saudi-arabia-arms-sales-jamal-khashoggi
Trump ready to begin drawdown of troops at US-Mexico border
The US president spent the final weeks of the midterms election campaign whipping up fears of a migrant caravan travelling through Mexico towards the border. He sent in around 5,900 troops to prevent the “invasion” but, once polls closed, talked far less about the issue.
On Monday the Politico website reported that the Pentagon is planning to begin a drawdown of the troops.
DEUTSCHE WELLE
El Gobierno saudí dice que el rey y el príncipe heredero son una "línea roja"
El ministro de RR. EE. saudí, Adel al Jubeir, rechazó la supuesta implicación del heredero de la corona saudí en el asesinato del periodista Jamal Khashoggi.
Medios de comunicación estadounidenses informaron el viernes de que la CIA había concluido que el heredero saudí ordenó el asesinato de Khashoggi, aunque el Gobierno estadounidense ha asegurado que aún no ha llegado a ninguna conclusión.
Juez prohíbe al gobierno de Trump negar asilo a migrantes que crucen la frontera de forma ilegal
Un magistrado de San Francisco dictó una orden de restricción temporal tras una petición de la Unión Americana de Libertades Civiles y el Centro por los Derechos Constitucionales.
El presidente estadounidense, Donald Trump, había emitido un decreto que habría dificultado que las miles de personas que ingresan al país pudieran evitar ser deportadas.
La UE y la OTAN instan a cumplir tratado internacional de armas nucleares
La UE y la OTAN subrayaron que se debe cumplir el tratado internacional para la eliminación de armas nucleares INF si se pretende afianzar la seguridad en Europa.
La alta representante de la Unión Europea (UE) para la Política Exterior, Federica Mogherini, y el secretario general de la OTAN, Jens Stoltenberg, insistieron en la necesidad de cumplir el tratado para la eliminación de armas nucleares de medio y corto alcance (INF, por sus siglas en inglés) a fin de garantizar la seguridad en Europa.
Trump estudia incluir a Venezuela en la lista de estados patrocinadores del terrorismo
La medida podría suponer un bloqueo al petróleo venezolano. De esa lista forman parte Irán, Corea del Norte, Sudán y Siria y está reservada a Gobiernos acusados de "apoyar actos de terrorismo internacional".
El Gobierno del presidente de Estados Unidos, Donald Trump, se prepara para meter a Venezuela en la lista de Estados patrocinadores del terrorismo, según publicó este lunes (19.11.2018) el diario 'The Washington Post', basándose en correos electrónicos internos de la administración y declaraciones de funcionarios que no quieren ser identificados. La decisión conllevaría importantes sanciones y podría implicar un embargo al petróleo venezolano.
Putin y Erdogan presentan un gasoducto con futuro incierto
Erdogan y Putin celebraron la finalización de una sección del gasoducto Turkish Stream. Las entregas de gas a la UE a partir de finales de 2019 son muy dudosas, dice Andrey Gurkov.
De las dos líneas que ahora desembocan en la costa turca, solo una con una capacidad de 15.750 millones de metros cúbicos tiene un cliente fijo: la compañía estatal turca de energía BOTAS, que suministrará gas a la parte occidental y europea de Turquía. Durante muchos años, esta región se ha abastecido a través de Ucrania, Moldavia, Rumania y Bulgaria; ahora, una nueva línea viene directamente de Rusia. Sin riesgos ni tarifas de tránsito.
https://www.dw.com/es/putin-y-erdogan-presentan-un-gasoducto-con-futuro-incierto/a-46367362
XINHUA
China pide esfuerzos internacionales para reactivar conversaciones palestino-israelíes
NACIONES UNIDAS, 19 nov (Xinhua) -- El representante permanente de China ante la ONU, Ma Zhaoxu, pidió hoy esfuerzos internacionales para promover la reanudación de las conversaciones de paz entre palestinos e israelíes.
La comunidad internacional y el Consejo de Seguridad deben adoptar un elevado sentimiento de responsabilidad y urgencia en el lanzamiento de una nueva ronda de esfuerzos para promover la paz, dijo Ma al Consejo de Seguridad.
http://spanish.xinhuanet.com/2018-11/20/c_137618264.htm
Secretario de Relaciones Exteriores de RU visitará Irán
TEHERAN, 18 nov (Xinhua) -- El secretario de Estado para Asuntos Exteriores y Mancomunidad de Reino Unido, Jeremy Hunt, visitará Irán el lunes para conversar sobre asuntos clave de interés mutuo, informó hoy la agencia noticiosa oficial IRNA.
Durante su estadía en Irán, Hunt se reunirá con su homólogo iraní Mohammad Javad Zarif y con otros importantes funcionarios iraníes.
Desde la retirada de Estados Unidos del acuerdo nuclear iraní en mayo, Hunt será el primer ministro occidental de Relaciones Exteriores que visite Irán.
http://spanish.xinhuanet.com/2018-11/19/c_137615924.htm
Ejército sirio anuncia derrota de EI en región sureña
DAMASCO, 19 nov (Xinhua) -- El ejército de Siria declaró hoy la derrota completa del Estado Islámico (EI) en la región sureña después de capturar la zona de las colinas de Al Safa al este de la provincia de Sweida, informó la televisión estatal.
El ejército dijo en una declaración televisada que el logro tuvo lugar después de que las fuerzas sirias capturaron una zona de unos 380 kilómetros cuadrados en el desierto en el sur de Siria.
El área liberada es importante porque era el último bastión del EI en el sur del país.
http://spanish.xinhuanet.com/2018-11/20/c_137618158.htm
Xi llega a Filipinas para realizar visita de Estado
MANILA, 20 nov (Xinhua) -- El presidente chino, Xi Jinping, llegó este martes a Manila para realizar la primera visita estatal a Filipinas de un jefe de Estado chino en 13 años.
En nombre del gobierno y el pueblo chinos, Xi expresó cordiales saludos y los mejores deseos al gobierno filipino y su pueblo al llegar al aeropuerto.
Como vecinos amistosos a los dos lados del mar, China y Filipinas disfrutan la proximidad geográfica y un fuerte vínculo entre los dos pueblos y culturas, apuntó Xi.
http://spanish.xinhuanet.com/2018-11/20/c_137619315.htm
AL JAZEERA
Pakistan summons US envoy over Trump's comments
Foreign ministry lodges strong protest following US president's claim Pakistan 'doesn't do a damn thing' for Washington.
Washington accuses Islamabad of providing safe havens to the powerful Haqqani network, which is blamed for numerous attacks on foreign forces in Afghanistan in recent years. Pakistan denies the allegations.
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/11/pakistan-summons-envoy-trump-comments-181120094224504.html
Saudi Aramco halts plan for massive corporate-bond sale: WSJ
Sources close to discussions tell the Wall Street Journal move to fund $70bn deal for petrochemical maker called off.
Over the past month oil prices have fallen more than 20 percent. Saudi Arabia plans to boost prices with a production cut - but uncertainty remains.
China's Xi arrives in Manila with focus on infrastructure pledges
Philippines needs to show value of China relationship with $24bn in loans and investment mostly undelivered.
China has become increasingly assertive over the sea, which it claims in its entirety. The Philippines, Brunei, Vietnam and Malaysia also have territorial claims over parts of the waterway.
But Duterte's handling of the issue has frustrated some Filipinos, who say he has been too submissive by refusing to criticise China's military build-up or seek its compliance with a 2016 arbitration award that invalidated Beijing's claim to the sea.
RT
US senators rally against Russian Interpol candidate, Moscow calls it ‘intervention,’ MSM hysterical
US senators, fired up by the idea that the Russian candidate could lead Interpol, urged nations to vote against him. The Kremlin branded this “intervention” in the voting process.
Electing Major General of the Russian police Aleksandr Prokopchuk as the head of Interpol is "akin to putting a fox in charge of a henhouse," four US senators said in a statement, released on Monday.
Republicans Roger Wicker and Marco Rubio, along with their Democratic colleagues, Jeanne Shaheen and Chris Coons, argue that Moscow "routinely abuses" Interpol, using it for "settling scores and harassing political opponents, dissidents and journalists." Without providing concrete cases or examples, they also said that securing the presidency would allow Russia to "harass critics" living abroad and to "aid other authoritarian regimes." All four senators are known for their hawkish views on foreign policy and have been pushing an anti-Russian agenda in the past. Namely, they had repeatedly called for tougher sanctions against Moscow and sponsored bills placing restrictions on Russian officials.
The position in question became vacant after Interpol's President Meng Hongwei was detained in his homeland China, pending a corruption investigation. The new president is due to be elected in Dubai, UAE, on Wednesday. US lawmakers, meanwhile, in a preemptive move decided to dissuade delegates from voting for a Russian candidate.
https://www.rt.com/news/444426-us-senators-interpol-vote/
Russia to use Angara heavy rocket for Moon missions – space boss
Russia plans to create a special “transport system” that will help it send regular missions to the Moon, using its newly-developed Angara heavy carrier rocket, the head of Roscosmos space corporation, Dmitry Rogozin, has said.
Roscosmos plans to work with NASA on its future Moon missions, Rogozin said on Monday, though he added that each side would develop its own transport system for the project. “It is of the utmost importance to ensure each other’s safety,” he said, adding that no one is immune to risks and failure even on a low-earth orbit.
First launched in 2014 and currently being tested, the Angara A5 rocket is expected to become the cornerstone of the Russian Moon program, Rogozin told journalists at a press conference. Angara is a new family of Russian rockets developed following the collapse of the Soviet Union. It includes the Angara A5 heavy carrier rocket, which has recently entered a test phase and successfully test-launched a sample satellite to orbit in 2014. Further test-launches are planned for the coming years.
https://www.rt.com/news/444386-russia-angara-rocket-moon-missions/
WATCH Russia’s Su-57 stealth jets fly their 1st combat mission in Syria in rare MoD VIDEO
The brief Syria deployment of Russia’s Su-57 fifth-generation fighters that made headlines around the world can now be seen in newly released Defense Ministry footage, showing the jets flying sorties and returning to base.
The Russian Defense Ministry has released an astonishing video showing a pair of Russia’s cutting-edge Su-57s testing ground in Syria. The jets are seen taking off from an undisclosed location – presumably, Russia’s Khmeimim air base in Syria’s northeast – before flying up. The multirole, single-seat, twin-engine Su-57 jet, referred to as PAK FA and T-50 during research and development, is designed to give the Russian Air Force an unhinged superiority in aerial warfare.
It is said to be capable of engaging all types of air, ground and surface targets benefiting from a sophisticated target acquisition system. The Su-57 is expected to stand out due to exceptional maneuverability and supersonic features. The jet will also be hard to spot on radar as it is reportedly covered by a special radio-absorbent paint. The Su-57’s guided and unguided weapons are also hidden in domestic bays to ensure low radar signature.
https://www.rt.com/news/444376-su57-jet-syria-mission-video/
Russia won’t be dragged into new arms race, but will respond to US withdrawal from INF – Putin
Moscow will not leave Washington’s decision to unilaterally withdraw from the landmark nuclear arms treaty unanswered, Russian President Vladimir Putin said, adding that the country doesn’t need to join another arms race.
Russia is still ready to continue dialog with the US on the bilateral treaty banning medium-range missiles, which has become one of the cornerstones of nuclear disarmament, the Russian leader said at a government meeting in Sochi. Still, the US should “treat this issue with full responsibility,” the president said, adding that Washington’s decision to withdraw from the agreement “cannot and will not be left unanswered.”
Moscow will not allow anyone to drag itself into another armed race, the Russian leader said. Instead, Russia plans to focus on “balanced development” of its Army, Navy and Air Force. The troops are expected to adopt new military training techniques, using the combat experience they received in Syria. Russia will also continue to modernize its military hardware.
The president also called on the government and military officials to develop “concrete steps” Russia can take in response to the US withdrawal from the INF Treaty. “Now, we have hypersonic weapons capable of penetrating any missile defense,” Putin said, referring to Russia’s newest state-of-the-art weapons.
https://www.rt.com/news/444394-putin-russia-inf-arms-race/
AL MAYADEEN
Coalición liderada por Arabia Saudita negada a detener operaciones militares contra Yemen
A pesar de las nuevas expectativas de paz en Yemen, la coalición militar encabezada por Arabia Saudita se negó hoy a detener sus operaciones en la provincia de Hodeidah.
AMÉRICA LATINA
Un juez bloquea la medida de Trump para prohibir las solicitudes de asilo a los inmigrantes ilegales
Un juez federal de Estados Unidos ha emitido este lunes una orden de bloqueo temporal de la medida aprobada por el presidente Donald Trump que prohibía las solicitudes de asilo a los inmigrantes que crucen ilegalmente la frontera con México. La orden, emitida por Jon Tiger, magistrado de San Francisco, se extenderá al menos hasta el próximo 19 de diciembre, según medios locales.
https://elpais.com/internacional/2018/11/20/actualidad/1542706687_129543.html
“Hoy en Brasil hay una persecución personalizada”
Si la elección de un presidente ultraderechista en Brasil representa la institucionalización de la barbarie en un sentido público, la violencia dialéctica de Jair Bolsonaro contra la diputada del PT María do Rosario Nunes encuadra en el delito privado, pero con derivaciones políticas imprevisibles. En 2003 le gritó ante las cámaras que “no la violaría porque no lo merece”. En 2014 repitió palabras parecidas en un pleno del Congreso. La legisladora le hizo un juicio civil que ganó –al militar lo condenaron a indemnizarla con 10 mil reales– y otro penal que se tramita ante el Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF). Por esa causa y siempre que fuera condenado antes de asumir el máximo cargo del país, no podría ejercer la presidencia.
https://www.pagina12.com.ar/156607-hoy-en-brasil-hay-una-persecucion-personalizada
Muere el capo mexicano que inició al Chapo Guzmán en el narcotráfico
Héctor Beltrán Leyva, el líder del Cartel de los Beltrán Leyva, murió este domingo a los 56 años como resultado de un infarto cardíaco en México, informaron las autoridades.
De acuerdo con el comunicado de la Secretaria de Gobernación (SeGob), el capo, conocido como "H", fue llevado a un hospital en Toluca tras presentar "dolores intensos en el lado izquierdo del pecho" y no responder a los intentos de reanimación por parte del personal de la cárcel.
Ex presidente peruano Alan García pide asilo político a Uruguay
El ex presidente peruano Alan García solicitó asilo político al Gobierno de Uruguay después de que un juez le prohibiera salir del Perú por 18 meses como parte de una investigación por presunto lavado de activos, confirmó hoy el Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores.
"Dicha solicitud deberá ser evaluada por el Gobierno de ese país, para lo cual se ha informado a las autoridades de Uruguay que, conforme al artículo IX de la Convención sobre Asilo, el Gobierno peruano hará llegar información al respecto", señaló el Ministerio en un comunicado.
Chile: nuevas protestas en repudio al asesinato del comunero mapuche Camilo Catrillanca
Manifestantes que se reunieron en el sector de Paseo Bulnes, en pleno centro de Santiago, para protestar por la muerte del comunero mapuche Camilo Catrillanca el pasado miércoles en la comunidad de Temucuicui, se enfrentaron a personal de Fuerzas Especiales de Carabineros frente al Palacio de La Moneda.
Los incidentes comenzaron una vez que el grupo, conformado por unas 300 personas, cortara el tránsito en ambas direcciones de la Alameda cerca de las 19:00 horas.
Amandaluna Cea, vocera de la ACES, una de las organizaciones que convocó a esta manifestación, expresó que “el día de hoy nos encontramos con distintas organizaciones sociales que estamos encarando al ministro del Interior, a Chadwick, quien sabemos ha sido la principal responsabilidad política de que se haya asesinado a Camilo Catrillanca”.
