Síntesis informativa - 29 de octubre 2018
THE NEW YORK TIMES
Jair Bolsonaro Wins Brazil’s Presidency, in a Shift to the Far Right
RIO DE JANEIRO — Brazil on Sunday became the latest country to drift toward the far right, electing a strident populist as president in the nation’s most radical political change since democracy was restored more than 30 years ago.
The president-elect, Jair Bolsonaro, has exalted the country’s military dictatorship, advocated torture and threatened to destroy, jail or drive into exile his political opponents.
He won by tapping into a deep well of resentment at the status quo in Brazil — a country whiplashed by rising crime and two years of political and economic turmoil — and by presenting himself as the alternative.
“We have everything we need to become a great nation,” Mr. Bolsonaro said Sunday night shortly after the race was called in a video broadcast on his Facebook account. “Together we will change the destiny of Brazil.”
The Women Supporting Brazil’s Jair Bolsonaro
Jair Bolsonaro, the former Army captain and front-runner in Brazil’s presidential election, has pitched himself as an iron-fisted crusader against the country’s soaring crime. His controversial, pro-dictatorship rhetoric — he has endorsed torture and favors giving police license to kill — has polarized this country and especially divided women.
We went to Rio de Janeiro to witness the tension in the days leading up to the election and to see how Mr. Bolsonaro, by exploiting fears of crime, has become viewed by many as an advocate for women.
Our video also takes a closer look at the aggressive policing that already takes place inside Rio’s favelas, and how Mr. Bolsonaro might amplify these efforts if elected
Angela Merkel to Quit as Party Leader in Germany
BERLIN — Chancellor Angela Merkel of Germany said on Monday that she would give up the leadership of her conservative party, the clearest sign yet that the woman who was once Europe’s most powerful leader is preparing her long-expected departure from office.
The decision by Ms. Merkel, who has led the Christian Democratic Union for 18 years and the country for more than 13, indicates that she will not run again as chancellor. She had long insisted that the post of chancellor and party chief go hand in hand.
Her announcement, in a meeting of conservative leaders, follows two disastrous results in regional elections that saw her party and its coalition partners slump to near-record lows. Ms. Merkel’s coalition government, which took six months to cobble together, has long lost its majority in opinion polls.
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/29/world/europe/angela-merkel-germany.html?rref=collection%2Fsectioncollection%2Fworld
Sri Lanka’s Political Crisis Turns Deadly
COLOMBO, Sri Lanka — Sri Lanka’s escalating political crisis turned deadly on Sunday when the bodyguard of a former cabinet minister fired on a crowd, killing at least one person and wounding two others, the police said.
The former petroleum minister, Arjuna Ranatunga, was a member of the cabinet that President Maithripala Sirisena dissolved on Saturday, one day after ousting Ranil Wickremesinghe as prime minister and swearing in the former strongman Mahinda Rajapaksa.
Many lawmakers and government ministers have denounced the move as unconstitutional, and mobs have attacked government officials, deepening concerns that this island nation is headed for more turmoil.
American ISIS Suspect Is Freed After Being Held More Than a Year
WASHINGTON — The Trump administration has freed an American citizen whom the military imprisoned without trial for more than 13 months as a suspected Islamic State member, United States officials said on Monday. His release brings a close to a legal saga that raised novel issues about the scope of the government’s national security powers and individual rights.
The man, a dual American and Saudi citizen, was captured in September 2017 by a Kurdish militia in Syria. The Kurds turned him over to the American military, which held him as a wartime detainee at a base in Iraq while a court battle over his fate played out. The officials, who spoke on condition of anonymity, said he was released in Bahrain, where his wife and daughter are living.
The identity of the man at the center of extraordinary case has been kept secret, so he has been called “John Doe” in court filings and public debates. But his real name is Abdulrahman Ahmad Alsheikh, The New York Times has learned, in part by obtaining an unredacted version of his Islamic State intake form and identifying public records about him.
His release means that a major question his detention raised about how the United States fights war — whether the government has authority to use wartime powers against the Islamic State without explicit congressional authorization — will evade a definitive court ruling, for now. Even so, his case established an important historical precedent: The American government locked up a citizen for more than a year without charging him with a crime.
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/29/us/politics/isis-john-doe-released-abdulrahman-alsheikh.html
THE GUARDIAN
Jair Bolsonaro declared Brazil's next president
Donald Trump called Bolsonaro to congratulate him and both men expressed a strong commitment to work together, the White House said.
Italy’s far-right interior minister, Matteo Salvini, offered his congratulations to Bolsonaro, tweeting: “Even in #Brazil the citizens have sent the left packing!” The French far-right leader Marine Le Pen also sent a message of encouragement.
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/oct/28/jair-bolsonaro-wins-brazil-presidential-election
Latest land defender murder cements Mexico's deadly reputation
He was killed a few weeks after his community of Coloradas de la Virgen registered opposition to a mining concession that they say was located in their territory without their permission, according to Amnesty International.
Carrillo had received multiple death threats. In the last two years, five members of his family have been killed, as have numerous other members of Alianza Sierra Madre, including the Goldman environmental prize winner Isidro Baldenegro López.
Mexico is rapidly becoming a killing ground for activists, particularly those in indigenous communities. In 2017, 15 defenders were killed (a more than fivefold rise over the previous year), pushing the nation up from 14th to fourth place in the grim global rankings collated by the watchdog group Global Witness.
German chancellor Angela Merkel will not seek re-election in 2021
Speaking after disastrous regional elections in Hesse and Bavaria for her Christian Democrats and its Bavaria-only sister party, Merkel said she saw the results as a “clear signal that things can’t go on as they are”.
She said she would not stand as party leader at the CDU conference in December and at the next elections in 2021 she would not seek another term as chancellor, announcing her complete withdrawal from politics after that date.
New group of migrants heads for US after leaving El Salvador
The group of more than 300 Salvadorans left the capital San Salvador on Sunday. A larger group of mostly Hondurans, estimated to number at least 3,500, left that country in mid-October and is now in southern Mexico. That group has become a key issue in US midterm elections. A third group has been moving through Guatemala, at one point numbering more than 1,000 before beginning to fragment. Hundreds broke through a Guatemala border gate in Tecun Umanand on Sunday afternoon were on the bridge into Mexico.
https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/oct/28/migrants-el-salvador-us-mexico-border
90% of world's children are breathing toxic air, WHO study finds
The WHO study found that children are particularly vulnerable to air pollution because pollutants are often more concentrated nearer to ground level. It added that their developing organs and nervous system are also more susceptible to long-term damage than those of adults.
DEUTSCHE WELLE
Detectan otro paquete sospechoso dirigido a la sede central de la cadena CNN
Directivos de la cadena de televisión descartaron peligro inminente en la sede central de la empresa en la capital del estado de Georgia. Pues “todo el correo está siendo revisado” desde hace días.
Las autoridades de EE.UU. interceptaron este lunes (29.201.2018) otro paquete sospechoso dirigido a la sede central de la cadena de televisión estadounidense CNN, en lo que supone el decimocuarto artefacto de estas características enviado a destacadas figuras demócratas y a este canal.
India-Japan summit: Modi, Abe to discuss free trade amid Trump's protectionism
Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi has hailed a "special strategic and global partnership" with Japan, the second-largest economy in Asia. Japan is aiming to expand free trade relations amid US' protectionist policies.
XINHUA
Canciller ruso pide a EEUU que aclare futura política de control de armas
MOSCU, 28 oct (Xinhua) -- Estados Unidos debe revelar sus planes de control de armas desde que ha decidido abandonar el Tratado de Fuerzas Nucleares de Alcance Intermedio (INF, por sus siglas en inglés), dijo hoy el ministro ruso de Relaciones Exteriores, Sergei Lavrov.
Washington debe ser claro en lo que hará en el área de control de armas después de su retiro del Tratado INF clave con Rusia, dijo Lavrov al canal de televisión Rossiya 1.
Estados Unidos ha entregado una lista de preguntas referentes a la implementación del Tratado INF al Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores ruso a través de la Embajada estadounidense, y el Ministerio de Defensa ruso y otros departamentos están preparando respuestas a las preguntas estadounidenses.
http://spanish.xinhuanet.com/2018-10/29/c_137564861.htm
Máximo oficial militar de Irán visitará Azerbaiyán para impulsar cooperación en defensa
EHERAN, 28 oct (Xinhua) -- El jefe del Estado Mayor de las Fuerzas Armadas de Irán, Mohammad Baqeri, hará una visita oficial a Azerbaiyán para impulsar la cooperación en defensa y luchar contra el terrorismo, informó hoy Press TV.
La próxima visita de dos días de Baqeri tendrá lugar por invitación del ministro azerbaiyano de Defensa, Zakir Hasanov.
La expansión de la cooperación en las áreas fronterizas y los acontecimientos recientes en la región también están en la agenda de las conversaciones.
La primera reunión de la Comisión de Defensa Conjunta Irán-Azerbaiyán se llevó a cabo en Bakú en octubre de 2017 con la participación de una delegación de alto rango del Ministerio de Defensa iraní.
http://spanish.xinhuanet.com/2018-10/29/c_137564864.htm
Canciller surcoreana y enviado especial de EEUU abordan desnuclearización de Península Coreana
SEUL, 29 oct (Xinhua) -- La ministra surcoreana de Relaciones Exteriores, Kang Kyung-wha, abordó el lunes con el representante especial de Estados Unidos para los asuntos sobre la República Popular Democrática de Corea (RPDC), Stephen Biegun, la desnuclearización y el logro de la paz en la Península Coreana.
Según la Cancillería surcoreana, Kang y Biegun analizaron las vías para desnuclearizar totalmente la península y alcanzar la paz permanente, compartir los últimos avances en las relaciones intercoreanas y las negociaciones de continuidad entre Pyongyang y Washington.
http://spanish.xinhuanet.com/2018-10/29/c_137566779.htm
China y Egipto acuerdan impulsar cooperación para el desarrollo
EL CAIRO, 28 oct (Xinhua) -- El vicepresidente de China, Wang Qishan, acordó con líderes de Egipto impulsar más la cooperación para el desarrollo durante una visita de dos días al país de Africa del Norte realizada de viernes a sábado.
El primer ministro egipcio, Mostafa Madbouly, recibió a Wang en el aeropuerto con una ceremonia de bienvenida en honor del vicepresidente chino, quien hizo la visita por invitación de Madbouly. Durante su visita de dos días, Wang se reunió con el presidente egipcio, Abdel-Fattah al-Sisi, y con el primer ministro del país.
En su reunión con el presidente egipcio, Wang dijo que China y Egipto, ambas civilizaciones antiguas, comparten intereses amplios y un gran potencial de cooperación. China está lista para fortalecer el entendimiento mutuo, coordinar las estrategias de desarrollo y fortalecer la cooperación con Egipto en las áreas de economía y comercio, capacidad de producción e intercambios culturales dentro del marco de la Iniciativa de la Franja y la Ruta.
http://spanish.xinhuanet.com/2018-10/29/c_137564847.htm
RT ‘This is an invasion, our military is waiting for you,’ Trump warns ‘migrant caravan’
As a thousands-strong ‘caravan’ of Central American migrants makes its way to the US border, President Trump warned the migrants to turn back, and promised them “our military is waiting for you” at the border.
“Many Gang Members and some very bad people are mixed into the Caravan heading to our Southern Border,” Trump tweeted on Monday, before addressing the migrants directly: “Please go back, you will not be admitted into the United States unless you go through the legal process. This is an invasion of our Country and our Military is waiting for you!”
Trump’s tweet comes as the Pentagon reportedly prepares to deploy some 5,000 troops to the border, where they will bolster the existing National Guard and Customs and Border Patrol presence there. It also comes one day after Defense Secretary James Mattis announced that the military has already begun moving equipment, including concrete barriers, to positions along the US’ 2,000 mile border with Mexico.
https://www.rt.com/usa/442544-this-is-invasion-our-military/
Merkel will not seek new term as chancellor & CDU chair as party faces support slump
Angela Merkel has said she will not seek re-election as Germany's chancellor as well as CDU's party chair. The decision comes after a debacle for her ruling party in the local elections in the federal state of Hesse.
On Sunday, Merkel's Christian Democratic Union (CDU) received 28 percent of the votes. Although that was more support than other competitors received, it was a significant drop from the 38.3 percent won by the party in the state's last election in 2013.
However, Merkel claimed that her decision not to run for party chair again was made before the plebiscite and even before German parliament’s summer recess. Party chair aside, the top politician also would not be available for another term as a chancellor.
https://www.rt.com/news/442530-merkel-last-term-chancellor/
Russia ‘tests’ key piece of nuclear space engine to revolutionize long-range missions
A key component of Russia’s future nuclear space propulsion system, which may revolutionize long-range exploration of the solar system, has been successfully tested, RIA Novosti reported.
The nuclear engine, which is known by its abbreviation YaEDU (Nuclear Propulsion and Power Engine System) consists of a small fast-neutron nuclear reactor, an electricity generator fed by the reactor’s heat and space thrusters powered by the generator.
Unlike chemical rocket engines, which burn through their propellant in mere minutes, the YaEDU will be able to work for tens of thousands of hours before the reactor core expires. That would allow accelerating a spacecraft to much greater speed over time. The system also acts as a reliable source of power for onboard electric systems as a side benefit. So this type of propulsion is much better than traditional rockets for long-range space missions, like exploration of Mars and beyond.
https://www.rt.com/news/442521-nuclear-propulsion-system-russia/
AMÉRICA LATINA
México entierra la multimillonaria obra del nuevo aeropuerto
Andrés Manuel López Obrador ha dinamitado el nuevo aeropuerto de México. El presidente electo ha truncado el futuro de una faraónica obra de su antecesor, Enrique Peña Nieto. El líder del Movimiento de Regeneración Nacional (Morena), sin embargo, no ha decidido solo cancelar una obra que supera los 13.000 millones de dólares, uno de los proyectos de infraestructura más ambiciosos de América Latina. Prefirió trasladar el costo a una polémica consulta ciudadana que duró cuatro días.
https://elpais.com/internacional/2018/10/29/mexico/1540777813_986218.html
"La prioridad no es el Mercosur"
Pocos días antes de ser electo presidente, Bolsonaro también había calificado de "ideológicas" las alianzas regionales del Mercosur para insistir en la demonización de los gobiernos de Lula Da Silva y Dilma Rousseff, a pesar de que el bloque económico fue creado a principios de la década del '90, en plena oleada neoliberal. Se diferencia de la Unasur, que sí fue una alianza política creada durante el ciclo de gobiernos populares y que fue abandonada rápidamente por las gestiones del golpista Michel Temer, el presidente Mauricio Macri y el resto de los gobiernos de la nueva oleada conservadora.
https://www.pagina12.com.ar/151838-la-prioridad-no-es-el-mercosur
América Latina y el Caribe en la estrategia “Made in China 2025”
“Made in China 2025” es un plan maestro industrial, anunciado por el Consejo de Estado chino en 20151, cuyo propósito es consolidar a la economía asiática como una superpotencia mundial, a través de la innovación tecnológica en las actividades manufactureras como eje central. Esta política industrial no sólo tiene objetivos específicos para el 2025, sino hasta el 20492, en el centenario de la fundación de la República Popular de China y del maoísmo, como contexto.
Esta estrategia lleva implícito el proyecto político-económico “Belt and Road”3, también conocido como “Nueva Ruta de la Seda”, debido a que reconstruye las antiguas rutas comerciales que unían a las civilizaciones de Asia, en particular, vinculaba a China con África y Europa en el siglo XIX, incorporando una ruta marítima paralela. Belt and Road tiene el propósito de generar el 55% del PIB mundial4, con implicaciones económicas sobre el 75% de las reservas energéticas y el 70% de la población mundial, para el año 2049.
Bolsonaro gana presidencia de Brasil
El ultraderechista Jair Bolsonaro fue electo este domingo presidente de Brasil, con casi 56% de los votos, frente a 44% para el izquierdista Fernando Haddad, según datos oficiales tras el cómputo de casi el 90% de las urnas.
Una multitud se había reunido desde varias horas antes de los anuncios frente a la casa del excapitán del Ejército para festejar una victoria ampliamente prevista por los sondeos.
Migrantes de segunda caravana rompen valla entre Guatemala y México
Miles de migrantes, en su mayoría hondureños, rompieron ayer la valla metálica que separa a Guatemala de México y después de un enfrentamiento con la policía cruzaron corriendo y gritando a territorio mexicano.
Los antimotines guatemaltecos lanzaron bombas lacrimógenas a los migrantes, quienes, en su desesperación por seguir su camino hacia EE. UU., respondían con piedras y palos.
https://www.eltiempo.com/mundo/latinoamerica/migrantes-rompen-valla-entre-guatemala-y-mexico-286866
Presidente Morales: Trump protege a los dictadores y ataca a pueblos libres
El presidente de Bolivia, Evo Morales, denuncia “el doble rasero” del presidente estadounidense, Donald Trump por apoyar a los gobiernos dictadores y atacar a los pueblos libres.
“Trump demanda un reembolso por la protección que EE.UU. brinda a dictadores y gobiernos autoritarios, pero si se trata de pueblos libres, como Venezuela, amenaza con intervención militar porque supuestamente le preocupa la democracia”, escribió Morales en su cuenta de Twitter.
