Síntesis informativa - 6 de septiembre 2019
THE NEW YORK TIMES
‘We’re at War’: A Covert Social Media Campaign Boosts Military Rulers
CAIRO — Days after Sudanese soldiers massacred pro-democracy demonstrators in Khartoum in June, an obscure digital marketing company in Cairo began deploying keyboard warriors to a second front: a covert operation to praise Sudan’s military on social media.
The Egyptian company, run by a former military officer and self-described expert on “internet warfare,” paid new recruits $180 a month to write pro-military messages using fake accounts on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and Telegram. Instructors provided hashtags and talking points.
Since the ouster of President Omar Hassan al-Bashir in April, new employees were told, protesters had sown chaos in Sudan. Their demands for democracy were premature and dangerous. Order had to be restored.
“We’re at war,” an instructor told the new employees. “Security is weak. The army has to rule for now.”
Covert influence campaigns have become a favored tool of leaders in countries like China and Russia, where manipulation of social media complements strongarm tactics on the streets. In the Middle East, though, those campaigns are being coordinated across borders in an effort to bolster authoritarian rule and douse the kind of popular protests that gave rise to the Arab Spring in 2011.
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/06/world/middleeast/sudan-social-media.html
China Injects $126 Billion Into Its Slowing Economy
BEIJING — Beijing has called on banks to open the lending spigots as China’s trade war with the United States rages and its economic slowdown shows little sign of abating.
The People’s Bank of China on Friday lowered the amount of cash that Chinese banks are required to hold in their coffers, freeing up $126 billion to flow into the financial system at an important time politically and economically.
The move indicates that China is willing to ease back some from its broad campaign to rein in excessive borrowing. Years of debt-fueled growth has led to bubbles in the financial system and created worries about hidden bombs deep within the country’s financial system.
By calling on banks to lend more to companies and debt-laden local governments, it is hoping to incite growth. Many businesses are finding it harder to keep their doors open, unemployment is creeping up and families are shouldering higher daily costs.
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/06/business/china-economy-reserve.html
South African Riots Over ‘Xenophobia’ Prompt Backlash Across Africa
DAKAR, Senegal — Pop stars have announced a boycott. Air Tanzania has suspended flights to Johannesburg. Madagascar and Zambia are refusing to send their soccer teams. Nigeria has recalled its ambassador and pulled out of a major economic forum.
South Africa is facing a backlash after rioters in and around Johannesburg targeted immigrants from other African countries this week, torching their shops and leading to at least 10 deaths. Now, angry citizens and governments across the continent are lashing out at South Africa and its businesses, denouncing what they call “xenophobia.”
Africans across the continent once rallied behind South Africans in their struggle to defeat the apartheid government, which was finally replaced in elections held 25 years ago. Now, some Africans find themselves in the unfamiliar position of protesting the actions of the same communities in South Africa that they once stood with in solidarity.
“The only time we’ve seen this type of cooperation of African countries in terms of backlash,” said Tunde Leye, a partner at the Nigerian political research firm SBM Intelligence, “was in terms of support of the anti-apartheid movement.”
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/05/world/africa/south-africa-xenophobia-riots.html
India Looks Hopefully to the Moon Ahead of Chandrayaan-2 Landing
BANGALORE, India — India is within reach of the moon.
Weeks after the Chandrayaan-2 mission blasted off, its robotic Vikram lander will attempt a touchdown early on Saturday.
If the mission is successful, India will become only the fourth nation to land on the moon, after the United States, Russia and China. Around the world, scientists are closely watching to see if India can land safely at an unexplored region near the moon’s South Pole.
Riding on the homegrown mission are the hopes of a nation that has increasingly asserted its technological prowess on the world stage.
“There is a huge symbolic value attached to this mission,” said Pallava Bagla, co-author of a book about Indian space exploration and science editor of NDTV, one of India’s TV news channels. “This is all about national pride.”
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/05/world/asia/chandrayaan-moon-landing-india.html
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THE GUARDIAN
From mind control to murder? How a deadly fall revealed the CIA’s darkest secrets
Frank Olson had been one of the first scientists assigned to the secret US biological warfare laboratories at Fort Detrick in Frederick, Maryland during the second world war. There Olson began working with the handful of colleagues who would accompany him throughout his clandestine career. One was Harold Abramson. Others included ex-Nazi scientists who had been brought to work on secret missions in the US. For a time they worked on aerosol technologies – ways to spray germs or toxins on enemies and to defend against such attacks. Later, Olson met with American intelligence officers who had experimented with “truth drugs” in Europe.
Phosphate fertiliser 'crisis' threatens world food supply
The world faces an “imminent crisis” in the supply of phosphate, a critical fertiliser that underpins the world’s food supply, scientists have warned.
Phosphate is an essential mineral for all life on Earth and is added to farmers’ fields in huge quantities. But rock phosphate is a finite resource and the biggest supplies are mined in politically unstable places, posing risks to the many countries that have little or no reserves.
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XINHUA
Lebanon to defend "by all means" against Israeli attacks: president
BEIRUT, Sept. 6 (Xinhua) -- President Michel Aoun said Friday that Lebanon will defend itself "by all means" if attacked by Israel, Lebanon Presidency's website reported.
"Any attack on Lebanon's sovereignty and territorial integrity will be met with legitimate self-defense and Israel will bear all its consequences," Aoun said during his meeting with the UN Special Coordinator for Lebanon Yan Kubish.
Aoun reiterated Lebanon's commitment to UN Security Council Resolution 1701, saying the Lebanese army is coordinating with the United Nations Interim Forces in Lebanon (UNIFIL) to implement all the decisions of political authorities and the Higher Defense Council.
http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2019-09/06/c_138371312.htm
Pakistan observes defense day amid escalating tensions with India
ISLAMABAD, Sept. 6 (Xinhua) -- Pakistan observed the country's 54th Defence Day on Friday to commemorate the nation's unity and will to defend the country during the war against India in 1965 amid current tensions with India over Kashmir issue.
On the occasion, Pakistani President Arif Alvi issued a message saying that inspired by the spirit of 1965, Pakistan has successfully confronted various internal challenges and defeated external conspiracies and by imbibing the nation with the passion for self-sufficiency.
Prime Minister Imran Khan in his separate message said that Sept. 6 stands out in the history of Pakistan as a symbol of enduring display of unity, indomitable courage and unmatched sacrifices by gallant soldiers and the valiant armed forces are ever ready to defend every inch of the motherland.
http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2019-09/06/c_138371278.htm
China, Russia pledge to deepen military cooperation
MOSCOW, Sept. 5 (Xinhua) -- Chinese and Russian senior military officials have agreed to strengthen military cooperation between the two countries to jointly maintain global peace and stability.
Zhang Youxia, vice chairman of the Central Military Commission, and Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu reached the agreement during a meeting in Moscow on Wednesday.
Zhang, who is also a member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, praised the development in China-Russia relations over the past 70 years of diplomatic ties.
China and Russia have elevated their relations to a comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination for a new era, opening a new epoch of higher-level relations with greater development, Zhang said at the meeting.
He said China is ready to work with Russia to implement the important consensuses reached between the presidents of the two countries, boost military ties in the new era, deepen practical cooperation in all areas, jointly safeguard their security interests, and maintain global peace and stability.
http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2019-09/05/c_138367824.htm
Chinese white paper has charted roadmap to de-escalate trade dispute with U.S: Kenyan official
NAIROBI, Sept. 6 (Xinhua) -- The white paper that was issued by the Chinese government recently hold key to de-escalation of the trade dispute with the U.S that bodes ill for world economic growth, peace and stability, a Kenyan official said on Friday.
Kadara Harith Swaleh, director of political affairs at the ruling Jubilee Party, hailed the white paper saying its proposals if fully implemented could help unlock stalemate at the ongoing trade negotiations between U.S and China.
Swaleh said in a policy brief the white paper not only highlights China's position on the current trade spat with America over tariffs and also sheds light on their harmful impact on global economy.
"The white paper has demonstrated how the tariff measures imposed by the U.S. are harming other nations and at the same time giving no benefit to the U.S. and her people," Swaleh said.
He condemned protectionist policies enacted by U.S. President Donald Trump combined with his brazen disregard for multilateral trade regime that has pushed the global economy to the brink of a meltdown.
http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2019-09/06/c_138371699.htm
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AL JAZEERA
US defence chief: Iran 'inching' towards talks
Friction between the countries has grown since the US withdrew from the nuclear deal and reimposed sanctions on Iran.
Esper said a new nuclear deal would have to assure that Iran "doesn't pursue or acquire a nuclear weapon not just in 10 or 15 years but forever", and he suggested that such talks may be in the offing.
Trump on Wednesday left open the possibility of a meeting with Rouhani at the upcoming UN General Assembly in New York.
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/09/defence-chief-iran-inching-talks-190906105745558.html
Taliban claim deadly attack near US embassy in Kabul
10 civilians killed along with US and Romanian soldiers after car bomb explodes near a heavily fortified area in Kabul.
The US top negotiator for peace in Afghanistan, Zalmay Khalilzad, said this week the two sides had drawn up a draft framework agreement under which US troops would leave five military bases in Afghanistan within 135 days of signing the pact.
"The Taliban are imposing their power while a deal is being finalised with them. In their claimed attacks, civilians are dying, they should immediately stop conducting such attacks when there are talks going on to bring peace in Afghanistan," Intizar Khadim, a political analyst in Kabul, told Al Jazeera.
Sudan forms first cabinet since removal of al-Bashir
PM Abdalla Hamdok's cabinet includes Sudan's first woman foreign minister and a former World Bank economist.
Sudan's prime minister has announced the formation of the first government since the military removed longtime ruler Omar al-Bashir in April after widespread street protests.
He said the cabinet would "immediately" go to work on the top challenges facing the transitional administration, which include overhauling the ailing economy and achieving peace with armed groups.
Securing peace would sharply reduce military spending, which takes up as much as 80 percent of the state budget, Hamdok said.
Security and peacemaking in regions affected by insurgencies under al-Bashir are further challenges. The power-sharing deal calls for the government to reach a peace agreement with an alliance of rebels within six months.
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/09/sudan-forms-cabinet-removal-al-bashir-190906083613765.html
Death and destruction stalk Bahamas in wake of Hurricane Dorian
Relief effort gathers pace with property damage estimated at $7bn, thousands in need of help, and at least 30 dead.
Bahamian Health Minister Duane Sands said the dead were from the worst-hit Abaco and Grand Bahama islands, which are home to about 70,000 people and where about 50 percent of homes are thought to have been either destroyed or severely damaged.
An international relief effort for the island nation was picking up momentum, with a British Royal Navy vessel providing assistance and Jamaica sending a 150-member military contingent to help secure Abaco and Grand Bahama, officials said.
The US Agency for International Development said a flight with enough relief supplies to help 31,500 people landed in the islands early on Thursday, taking hygiene kits, water containers and buckets, plastic sheeting and chain saws.
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AL MAYADEEN
Washington bloquea declaración del Consejo de Seguridad sobre reciente tensión entre el Líbano e (Israel)
Diplomáticos en las Naciones Unidas informaron que Estados Unidos se negó dos veces a guardar silencio, sin objeciones, para no dejar pasar el texto. Incluso exigió desde el principio una condena directa de Hizbullah, antes de exigir también la eliminación de cualquier referencia implícita a la responsabilidad que Israel tiene en cuanto a dicha tensión.
EE.UU. reconoce haber utilizado tácticas de crimen organizado para doblegar a Irán
El Departamento de Estado de Estados Unidos está utilizando abiertamente tácticas de crimen organizado, incluido el soborno y la extorsión, en un esfuerzo por doblegar a Irán a su voluntad después que sus aliados habituales se negaron a ser absorbidos por una coalición marítima para “proteger” el Golfo Pérsico, revelan informes de prensa.
El canciller iraní, Mohammad Javad Zarif, criticó el intento de extorsión en un tweet, y señaló que la política exterior tan grosera de Estados Unidos se estaba convirtiendo en un patrón.
Después de fracasar en la piratería, Estados Unidos recurre al chantaje absoluto: entréguenos el petróleo de Irán y reciba varios millones de dólares o sea sancionado usted mismo.
Maduro denuncia plan Guaidó para vender el país a corporaciones internacionales
El mandatario afirmó que se trata de un plan para intercambiar la Guyana Esequiba por apoyo político. Además, calificó a Guaidó como un “vende patria y un traidor”.
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