Síntesis informativa - 2 de abril de 2019
THE NEW YORK TIMES
NASA Says Debris From India’s Antisatellite Test Puts Space Station at Risk
NEW DELHI — NASA has criticized India for the antisatellite test it carried out with great fanfare last week, saying it was riskier than officials claimed and created debris that could threaten the International Space Station.
“That kind of activity is not compatible with the future of human spaceflight that we need to see have happen,” Jim Bridenstine, NASA’s administrator, said on Monday at a town hall event in Washington organized by the agency.
He said that India, in shooting down one of its own satellites with a rocket, had left debris high enough in orbit to pose a risk to the International Space Station, calling that a “terrible, terrible thing.” The space station currently hosts a crew of six people.
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/02/world/asia/nasa-india-space-debris.html
Migration Surge From Central America Was Spurred, in Part, by Mexican Policies
CIUDAD JUÁREZ, Mexico — From her home in Honduras, Maria Magdalena Ferrufino Nuñez learned that Mexico’s new president was helping the migrants who were heading north in search of a better life.
“I heard that he was welcoming the caravans,” said Ms. Ferrufino Nuñez, 55, who traveled with her son toward Ciudad Juárez, where she is waiting in a shelter for a chance to apply for asylum in the United States.
The spring months usually see an upswell in migration in the region as Central Americans — fleeing poverty and violence or seeking to reunite with family members in the United States — take advantage of the temperate weather to travel north. But this year, a record number of migrant families is overwhelming officials and facilities on not only on the American side of the Mexico-United States border, infuriating Trump administration officials, but also on the Mexican side.
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/01/world/americas/mexico-migration-border.html
Where Does Aid to Central America Go? Police Officers, Farmers and NGOs
President Trump said last week that he would cut off aid to Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador, the home countries of most of the migrants arriving at the United States’ southern border to seek asylum.
The Trump administration has already taken the first step to act on the president’s directive, notifying Congress that it wanted to divert the $450 million allocated to the region. By Monday, though, the administration had not offered details about whether any aid — such as military aid or support to combat drug trafficking — might be exempt from the order.
If the aid withdrawal does go ahead, aid advocates say, it would probably affect the region’s most vulnerable people, including small farmers struggling to adapt to climate change and teenagers pressured to join gangs in a region that is a major drug transit route, according to State Department estimates. Advocates say that, should these threats to lives and livelihoods grow, many more people will take their chances on the road and leave for the United States.
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/01/world/americas/trump-central-america-aid.html
Britain Will Have to Pass Theresa May’s Brexit Plan, E.U. WarnsBRUSSELS — If Britain ever wants an orderly exit from the European Union, it must pass the withdrawal agreement painfully negotiated with the bloc, Michel Barnier, its chief Brexit negotiator, warned on Tuesday.
To date, the British Parliament has already rejected the agreement three times by margins varying from historic to hefty, though Prime Minister Theresa May is preparing for another shot, perhaps on Friday.ven if Britain asks for a long extension to Article 50, Mr. Barnier said, the withdrawal agreement will not be reopened, and negotiations on the country’s future relationship with the European Union cannot legally take place until Britain is no longer a member.
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/02/world/europe/uk-may-brexit-barnier-eu.html
THE GUARDIAN
Trump shutting Mexico border would 'cripple' El Paso, Republican mayor says
The Republican mayor of El Paso, the largest American city on the US border with Mexico, has warned Donald Trump that if he goes ahead this week with his threat to close the border it would have a “detrimental, almost draconian” impact on the entire region.
“It would be a critical killer to us, frankly”, the mayor, Dee Margo, said.
Saudi oil company named world's most profitable business
Saudi Arabia’s state oil company has emerged as the most profitable business in the world, racking up profits of $111.1bn (£84.7bn) in 2018 to overtake Apple.
It means the company made more than four times the profits of other oil industry rivals last year, including the Anglo-Dutch company Royal Dutch Shell, which made $23bn, and the US firm Exxon Mobil, which made $21bn.
The scale of Aramco dwarfs every other corporation in the world, but it is also among the most secretive, under the ownership of the Saudi state. It is the largest oil supplier on the planet and has exclusive access to nearly all of Saudi Arabia’s vast hydrocarbon reserves, which are among the world’s largest.
MPs seek to stop no-deal Brexit by tabling article 50 bill
A cross-party group of MPs will step up efforts to stop a no-deal Brexit on Wednesday, tabling a bill by Labour’s Yvette Cooper to extend article 50 beyond 12 April.
MPs opposed to a no-deal outcome will put plans to hold another round of indicative votes on hold after parliament remained in deadlock on Monday night.
DEUTSCHE WELLE
Frustration in US over Germany's defense spending shortfall
The news that Germany won't meet defense spending targets set by NATO plays badly in the US, even among friends of the country. It is just the latest in a string of issues fueling tension between Berlin and Washington.
There arguably would never have been a good moment for Berlin to renege on its planned increase in defense spending. But to do it in the run-up to NATO celebrating its 70th anniversary in Washington is particularly bad timing.
While Washington had grudgingly accepted Berlin's explanation that it could not meet NATO's goal that members spend 2 percent of their gross domestic product on defense by 2024, Germany's latest projection that it now won't even meet the 1.5 percent mark it set itself was met with dismay.
https://www.dw.com/en/frustration-in-us-over-germanys-defense-spending-shortfall/a-48155320
US suspends F-35 delivery to Turkey over Russian missile system
The move sends a signal that the US is serious about cutting its NATO ally off from the advanced fighter jet over Turkey's planned purchase of Russia's S-400 missile system.
he United States has halted deliveries to Turkey of equipment related to the F-35 fighter jet, the Pentagon said Monday, ramping up pressure on its NATO ally over the planned purchase of Russia's S-400 missile defense system.
"Pending an unequivocal Turkish decision to forgo delivery of the S-400, deliveries and activities associated with the stand-up of Turkey's F-35 operational capability have been suspended while our dialogue on this important matter continues with Turkey," a Pentagon spokesperson said.
https://www.dw.com/en/us-suspends-f-35-delivery-to-turkey-over-russian-missile-system/a-48155227
Más de 113 millones de personas sufrieron hambre extrema en 2018
Yemen sigue siendo el país más afectado por el hambre en el mundo. A finales de 2018, la situación alcanzó un punto crítico con más de la mitad (53%) de la población total con necesidad de ayuda alimentaria urgente.
Más de 113 millones de personas de 53 países padecieron hambre extrema en 2018, especialmente en Yemen, la República Democrática del Congo y Afganistán, señala la última edición del informe mundial sobre crisis alimentarias elaborado por la Organización de Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura (FAO), la Unión Europea (UE) y otras organizaciones internacionales.
Canciller iraní acusa a EE. UU. de "terrorismo económico"
El ministro iraní de Exteriores dijo que las sanciones impuestas por EE. UU. han obstaculizado los esfuerzos de rescate en las áreas afectadas por las inundaciones del país, donde hasta el momento han muerto 45 personas.
El ministro iraní de Relaciones Exteiores, Mohamad Javad Zarif, acusó este lunes (01.04.2019) a Estados Unidos de obstaculizar la llegada de ayuda y de "terrorismo económico" contra su país, donde las autoridades ordenaron evacuar varias ciudades afectadas por inundaciones.
https://www.dw.com/es/canciller-iran%C3%AD-acusa-a-ee-uu-de-terrorismo-econ%C3%B3mico/a-48159624
XINHUA
Tropas de India y Pakistán intercambian fuegos en Cachemira
SRINAGAR, Cachemira controlada por India, 2 abr (Xinhua) -- Las tropas de India y Pakistán intercambiaron fuego intenso contra las posiciones adversas instaladas a lo largo de la Línea de Control (LoC) que divide a Cachemira, aseguraron las autoridades.
Las dos partes intercambiaron fuego en el distrito fronterizo de Rajouri, 222 kilómetros al suroeste de Srinagar, la capital de verano de Cachemira controlada por India
http://spanish.xinhuanet.com/2019-04/02/c_137943797.htm
Enviado chino advierte sobre socavar soberanía utilizando como pretexto asuntos humanitarios
NACIONES UNIDAS, 1 abr (Xinhua) -- Un enviado chino ante la ONU advirtió hoy sobre los intentos por socavar la soberanía, la independencia y la integridad territorial de los Estados utilizando asuntos humanitarios como pretexto.
En un debate del Consejo de Seguridad sobre derecho humanitario internacional, Ma Zhaoxu, representante permanente de China ante la ONU, pidió a los Estados acatar los propósitos y principios de la Carta de la ONU, así como los principios rectores para la ayuda humanitaria de la ONU.
"Ningún país debe socavar la soberanía, independencia e integridad territorial de los demás utilizando las cuestiones humanitarias como pretexto", dijo Ma.
"La acción humanitaria debe apegarse estrictamente a los principios de humanidad, imparcialidad, neutralidad e independencia, destacar la naturaleza humanitaria y el profesionalismo de tales esfuerzos y evitar ser arrastrados al conflicto o a intervenir en los asuntos internos de los países en cuestión", añadió.
http://spanish.xinhuanet.com/2019-04/02/c_137942019.htm
Japón aprueba polémico despliegue de efectivos Fuerzas Autodefensa en Egipto
TOKIO, 2 abr (Xinhua) -- El Gobierno japonés aprobó este martes, por primera vez desde que la nueva y polémica legislación sobre seguridad entrase en vigor en 2016, el despliegue en el extranjero de efectivos de las Fuerzas de Autodefensa (SDF, por sus siglas en inglés), que se incorporarán a una fuerza de pacificación multinacional en Egipto.
El gabinete japonés dio luz verde al controvertido plan para enviar, en concreto, a dos miembros de las SDF a la Fuerza Multinacional y Observadores (MFO), que actúa en Egipto como fuerza multinacional de mantenimiento de paz pero no está bajo el mando de la ONU.
Los dos será enviados el 19 de abril a la península egipcia del Sinaí y permanecerán allí hasta el 30 de noviembre, en el primer despliegue de este tipo desde que entrase en vigor la nueva ley de seguridad en medio del contundente rechazo político, público e internacional.
http://spanish.xinhuanet.com/2019-04/02/c_137944049.htm
Jefes de Defensa estadounidense y surcoreano se reúnen sobre desnuclearización de la península coreana
WASHINGTON, 1 abr (Xinhua) -- El secretario de Defensa interino estadounidense, Patrick Shanahan, se reunió aquí lunes con el ministro de Defensa Nacional surcoreano, Jeong Kyeong-doo, para debatir sobre la desnuclearización de la península coreana, informó el Pentágono.
Durante la reunión, Shanahan y Jeong se centraron en los actuales esfuerzos diplomáticos para lograr una completa desnuclearización y la paz en la península coreana, según un comunicado publicado por el Pentágono.
Los dos jefes de Defensa prometieron mantener "una firme postura de disposición conjunta", según el documento.
http://spanish.xinhuanet.com/2019-04/02/c_137942736.htm
Comienza foro de inversión árabe en Omán
MASCATE, 1 abr (Xinhua) -- El Foro y Exhibición Arabe sobre Inversión fue inaugurado hoy en el Centro de Convenciones y Exhibiciones de Omán para impulsar la economía nacional atrayendo importantes inversiones.
Organizado por el Organismo Público para el Desarrollo de Zonas Industriales (Madayn), en cooperación con Abu El Saud Global Business, el evento atrajo a alrededor de 300 propietarios de negocios de Omán, otros países árabes, así como de países de Asia y Europa.
Además, Omán posee varias importantes zonas económicas, incluyendo la Autoridad de la Zona Económica Especial Duqm, el Puerto y Zona Libre Sohar y la Zona Libre Salalah, agregó.
http://spanish.xinhuanet.com/2019-04/02/c_137941510.htm
AL JAZEERA
Europe is spending more on its defence. Can Trump take credit?
Europe is spending more on its defence. But the spree may be more cyclical than the result of US pressure, analysts say.
Dana Lewis.- Last July, Trump reportedly delivered an ultimatum to NATO allies in a closed-door meeting in Brussels, warning that if they didn't increase their defence spending by January, the US would "go it alone".
While the Middle East accounted for the majority of US arms exports tracked by SIPRI, tensions elsewhere are also helping to boost sales around the globe.
Europe accounted for 16 percent of US arms sales in 2017.
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/04/europe-spending-defence-trump-credit-190401205045962.html
Indian missile test endangers International Space Station: NASA
NASA head says the missile test created 400 pieces of debris that increased risk to astronauts on board ISS.
The Indian satellite was destroyed at a relatively low altitude of 300km, well below the ISS and most satellites in orbit.
But 24 of the pieces "are going above the apogee of the International Space Station," said Bridenstine.
"That is a terrible, terrible thing to create an event that sends debris at an apogee that goes above the International Space Station," he continued, adding: "That kind of activity is not compatible with the future of human spaceflight."
Pentagon halts F-35 fighter jet equipment deliveries to Turkey
Shipments put on hold until Turkey agrees to cancel purchase of Russian-made S-400, Pentagon says.
The move comes just days after Turkey's Minister of Foreign Affairs Mevlut Cavusoglu said Ankara was committed to a deal to buy the Russian system and was discussing delivery dates.
In an attempt to persuade Turkey to drop its plans to buy the S-400, the US offered the pricier, US-made Patriot anti-missile system in a discounted deal that expired at the end of March.
Turkey has shown interest in the Patriot system but not at the expense of abandoning the S-400.
RUSSIA TODAY
US spies helped UAE hack phones of Al Jazeera chairman, BBC host & other journalists - report
Former US intelligence hackers helped the United Arab Emirates spy on Al Jazeera’s chairman, a BBC host, and other media figures as part of a secret Emirati intelligence program called Project Raven during the blockade on Qatar.
At least 9 former National Security Agency (NSA) and US military operatives worked within Project Raven, which was exposed in January after spying on US journalists and a British activist, along with dissidents and opponents of the UAE royal family.
The targeting of Arab media figures began during the 2017 diplomatic dispute with Qatar, which saw the UAE, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Egypt and others turn against the small Gulf nation after accusing it of supporting terrorism. The countries imposed an air, sea and land blockade on Qatar and demanded it shut down Al Jazeera, which is funded by the Qatari government.
https://www.rt.com/news/455335-us-spies-hacked-bbc-aljazeera-phones-uae/
WATCH Russian Army fire long-range multiple launch rocket systems
A spectacular Ruptly video shows soldiers loading their 220mm rockets into the BM-27 Uragan launchers. The Uragans are then seen moving through the Russian countryside to alternative firing positions. The BM-27 Uragan has 16 launch tubes mounted on the rear of a heavy truck. Each rocket weighs 280.4 kilograms, while the warheads weigh between 90 and 100 kilograms each, depending on type. A full salvo of 16 rockets can be released in just 20 seconds and can engage targets within a range of 35 kilometers.
https://www.rt.com/russia/455326-russian-rocket-artillery-drills/
Second explosive device in a week found in Dutch city, area cordoned off
Dutch police have responded to the discovery of an explosive device, the second such incident this week in the Netherlands. The explosive device, resembling a grenade, was discovered at about 8:30am local time at the Nieuw Zeist cafe, in a residential area in the town of Zeist, near Utrecht. Reports by local media suggest the device had been left there deliberately, however, this was not confirmed by police.
Police responding to the discovery said in a statement on Twitter that the device was successfully “defused” by attending law enforcement and a police cordon remains in place on the street while a forensic examination takes place. The incident is the second such discovery of an explosive device in the province this week. In the early hours of Monday morning, police removed and destroyed a device after it was discovered on Utrecht’s Vlampijpstraat.
https://www.rt.com/news/455333-dutch-police-respond-explosive-device/
Russian FM slams Washington for sabotaging talks on space disarmament
Washington has blocked the final report on the prevention of an arms race in space without any reasonable explanation, the Russian Foreign Ministry said as a UN Group of Governmental Experts fails to come up with a joint document.
Experts from 25 states held talks in Geneva in the end of March. Established by the UN General Assembly in 2017, the Group of Governmental Experts was set to lay the basis for a treaty that would ensure peace in space. Little progress, however, was made as the participants were unable to agree on a joint document.
https://www.rt.com/news/455327-space-arms-talks-sabotage/
US suspends F-35 deliveries to Turkey over Russian S-400s purchase – Pentagon
The United States has stopped shipping equipment related to the F-35 fighter jet to Turkey. Washington’s move comes after Ankara insisted on purchasing the Russian S-400 missile defense system.
Turkey has only received one unit of the fifth-generation fighter jet thus far. But all current and future shipments of equipment related to the aircraft have been halted, Pentagon said, unless Ankara gives up its commitment to take delivery of a Russian S-400 missile defense system.
https://www.rt.com/news/455300-us-halts-f-35-equipment-turkey/
AL MAYADEEN
Maduro llama a defender la paz y la soberanía del país ante los ataques eléctricos del enemigo
Desde el Palacio de Miraflores, el jefe de Estado exhortó a enfrentar las acciones desestabilizadoras de la oposición, que pretende por la vía de la violencia entregar las riquezas de la nación al Gobierno de Estado Unidos, bajo el pretexto de una supuesta crisis humanitaria.
Maduro precisó que las autoridades realizan un gran esfuerzo de conjunto con los trabajadores del sector para blindar el sistema eléctrico nacional contra futuros sabotajes, mientras la Fuerza Armada Nacional Bolivariana mantiene el despliegue en aras de garantizar la protección de las redes, los afluentes de agua y la seguridad ciudadana.
Hizbullah critica decisiones de la cumbre de la Liga Árabe celebrada en Túnez
De acuerdo con el texto, Hizbullah considera que las posiciones emitidas por la cumbre árabe mostraron una gran contradicción entre el comportamiento de los líderes árabes y sus posiciones. Algunos enfatizaron el derecho a restaurar Jerusalén y el Golán, mientras otros buscan una mayor normalización con "Israel".
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