Síntesis informativa - 12 de abril 2023
THE NEW YORK TIMES
A Problem for Ukraine: Countries Like Brazil Won’t Sell It Arms
Latin America’s largest country finds itself in a tricky position. Brazil has called for peace and, in carefully worded statements, criticized Russia’s invasion. But the country, which relies on Russia for fertilizer and fuel, has also made clear that it will not send any weapons destined for the front lines, and is instead pushing to mediate peace talks.
https://www.nytimes.com/2023/04/12/world/americas/brazil-ukraine-weapons.html
The Young Muslims Challenging Islam’s Status Quo
Islamic conservatism has been on the rise in Indonesia for years, even as the government has long tried to maintain a secular, religiously diverse society. The current iteration in the Hijrah movement is distinct in its use of social media to spread the word, and in its appeal to the young. And its popularity is generating concern among government and religious officials, who fear it could erode a more moderate brand of Islam.
https://www.nytimes.com/2023/04/12/world/asia/indonesia-muslim-hijrah-youth.html
Macron Returns From China to Allied Dismay
PARIS — President Emmanuel Macron landed in China to a red-carpet reception and all the pomp of a state visit, a three-day tour little short of a love-fest that he clearly hoped would further his ambitions for France to sit at the table of the great powers in a world changed by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and Beijing’s emergence as an arbiter of global conflict.
https://www.nytimes.com/2023/04/11/world/europe/macron-china-allies.html
As U.S. Tries to Isolate China, German Companies Move Closer
As Washington seeks to throttle economic ties with Beijing, two powerful engines of the German economy, Volkswagen and the chemical company BASF, are broadening their huge Chinese investments.
https://www.nytimes.com/2023/04/12/world/europe/germany-china-trade.html
U.S. Officials Speak to Ukrainians After Document Leaks
WASHINGTON — Senior Biden administration officials sought on Tuesday to calm anger in foreign capitals over the leak of classified military and intelligence documents, but had little new information about the source of the breach or its motive.
https://www.nytimes.com/2023/04/11/us/politics/document-leak-pentagon.html
China Could Dominate Sodium Batteries, the Next Big Advance in Power
China is far ahead of the rest of the world in the development of batteries that use sodium, which are starting to compete with ubiquitous lithium power cells.
https://www.nytimes.com/2023/04/12/business/china-sodium-batteries.html
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RUSSIA TODAY
EU states seeking alternatives to Russian uranium
Several EU countries are planning to reduce their dependence on Russian uranium and are seeking supplies from Kazakhstan, according to the CEO of state-owned Kazakh mining company Kazatomprom. The uranium miner has received requests from several nuclear power plants in Eastern Europe for supply contracts starting in 2025. Russia is one of the world's largest producers of uranium, but its exports could be affected by international sanctions. The United States has also expressed its intention to stop buying nuclear fuel from Russia. Kazakhstan is currently the world's largest producer of fuel, providing more than 40% of global uranium.
https://www.rt.com/business/574570-eu-russia-uranium-kazakhstan/
Germany can’t fulfill NATO obligations
According to Bild, Germany is falling short on its NATO commitments, with the country lacking personnel and equipment for the defense of the military bloc. The lack of funds and Germany's military aid to Kiev are among the reasons cited for the current situation. An internal evaluation of the country's armed forces reportedly found that the combat readiness of the division Germany pledged to make available to NATO by 2025 will only be "limited." The division lacks necessary equipment, which "will not be sufficiently available in the foreseeable future," according to the report.
https://www.rt.com/news/574581-german-military-problems-report/
Serbia rejects Ukraine arms deliveries claim
The Defense Minister of Serbia, Milos Vucevic, has denied accusations that Serbia is sending weapons to Ukraine, calling it a lie. Reuters recently reported that a classified Pentagon document showed that Belgrade had committed to providing lethal aid to Ukraine, which it may have already delivered. Vucevic stated that Serbia has denied these allegations more than ten times and that the country has not sold and will not sell arms to either the Ukrainian or Russian side. He accused someone of attempting to destabilize Serbia and drag it into a conflict in which it is not involved. Serbia has traditionally had good relations with Moscow and relies heavily on Russian energy, and it has refused to impose sanctions on Russia.
https://www.rt.com/news/574575-serbia-rejects-weapons-ukraine/
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THE GUARDIAN
Liz Truss to say Macron trip to China was sign of weakness
Liz Truss will say Emmanuel Macron’s recent trip to China was a “sign of weakness”, after the French president asked Beijing for support in ending the war in Ukraine.
In the latest of a series of foreign policy interventions designed to encourage Rishi Sunak to take a tougher approach towards China, Truss will say in a speech that any attempts by western leaders to appease Xi Jinping would be a mistake.
Leaked US intelligence document claims Serbia agreed to arm Ukraine
Serbia, the only country in Europe that has refused to impose sanctions on Russia for its invasion of Ukraine, agreed to supply arms to Kyiv or has sent them already, according to a classified Pentagon document.
The summary of European governments’ responses to Ukraine’s requests for military training and “lethal aid” or weapons was among dozens of classified documents posted online in recent weeks in what could be the most serious leak of US secrets in years.
Saudi Arabia makes peace proposal for Yemen after Houthi talks
Saudi Arabia has persuaded the key players in the Yemeni coalition government to go along with a minimum eight-month ceasefire with Houthi rebels in parallel with talks on the future of the country that may take as long as two years, as it rushes to capitalise on its new relationship with Iran.
Saudi and Houthi leaders met on Sunday for the first time in public in the Houthi-held capital, Sana’a, with the Saudis keen to cut their losses after a disastrous eight-year-long intervention that started with airstrikes in 2015. Mediators from Oman were also present.
China appears to backtrack over no-fly zone near Taiwan
China has appeared to backtrack after reports it was planning to declare a three-day no-fly zone in the airspace north of Taiwan next week, reducing the planned duration to just 27 minutes.
A spokesperson from Taiwan’s defence ministry told a press conference the no-fly zone was about 85 nautical miles north of Taiwan, and they believed it could be related to aerospace activities, perhaps satellite launches.
Biden calls for the return of power-sharing in Northern Ireland and hints at US investment – politics live
Biden is now talking about power sharing. He says he hopes it is not “too presumptuous” of him to say that “the democratic institutions” established by the Good Friday agreement are critical to the future of Northern Ireland.
Biden says Northern Ireland presents 'unprecedented economic opportunity' and scores of US firms ready to invest
Hyundai urged to stop illegal miners using its machines in Amazon
Hyundai is being urged to prevent its heavy machinery products from being used in illegal mining and environmental destruction in the Brazilian Amazon.
A report published by Greenpeace on Wednesday found the South Korean conglomerate’s excavators and other heavy machinery are precipitating the destruction of the rainforest and putting the survival of Indigenous populations at risk.
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AL JAZEERA
Syria to reopen embassy in Tunisia after 10-year closure
Syria and Tunisia have agreed to resume diplomatic relations and appoint ambassadors in a joint statement after more than a decade of tensions. Syria announced that it will reopen its embassy in Tunisia and appoint an ambassador in response to the Tunisian president's initiative. Arab ties with Syria are growing stronger as several countries in the region have shown support following earthquakes in Turkey and Lebanon in February. Tunisia expelled Syria's ambassador in 2012 following the Bashar al-Assad government's crackdown on peaceful protesters that triggered a civil war that has left half a million Syrians dead and millions displaced since 2011.
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/4/12/syria-to-reopen-tunisia-embassy-following-10-year-closure
Leaked Pentagon documents: What are the major takeaways?
A leaked classified US military document suggests that 97 NATO special forces personnel were active in Ukraine in February and March of this year. More than half of the western special forces deployed in Ukraine are from the UK, according to the document dated March 23, 2023. The leaked document summarizes the European governments' responses to Ukraine's requests for military training and lethal aid, and it is not clear where the forces are deployed or what they are doing. The Pentagon has launched an internal review to evaluate the impact of the leaks on national security. The US Department of Justice has also opened a criminal investigation into how the slides were obtained and leaked. Serbia, which depends on Russia for its energy, has refused to sanction Russia and declined to provide training to Ukrainian forces. The CIA Director, William Burns, called the leak "deeply unfortunate".
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/4/12/leaked-pentagon-documents-what-are-the-major-takeaways
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DEUTSCHE WELLE
Rusia y Ucrania anuncian investigar la decapitación de un soldado ucraniano
El Servicio de Seguridad de Ucrania (SBU) ha anunciado que está investigando la decapitación de un soldado ucraniano que fue grabado en un video el verano pasado, presuntamente por un militar ruso. El video, junto con otro más reciente que muestra los cuerpos decapitados de dos soldados ucranianos, fue encontrado por CNN en redes sociales rusas. El presidente ucraniano, Volodímir Zelenski, ha condenado el acto y pide una reacción por parte de todos los líderes. El Kremlin, por su parte, ha afirmado que la veracidad del video debe ser verificada antes de sacar conclusiones.
La OMI registra el trimestre más mortífero para migrantes en el Mediterráneo desde 2017
En los primeros tres meses de 2023, la Organización Internacional para las Migraciones (OIM) ha documentado 441 muertes de migrantes en la ruta marítima del Mediterráneo Central, lo que lo convierte en el periodo más mortífero desde 2017, cuando fallecieron al menos 742 personas. El director general de la OIM, António Vitorino, ha pedido a los Estados costeros del Mediterráneo que no obstaculicen las operaciones de búsqueda y rescate estatales y de las ONGs, ya que los retrasos en este tipo de rescates fueron la causa de la muerte de al menos 127 personas entre enero y marzo. En otros 73 casos, los ahogamientos tuvieron lugar sin que se produjese ningún tipo de intento de rescate de los migrantes por parte de los países involucrados.
México acusa al titular de Migración por muerte de 40 migrantes
La Fiscalía de México iniciará un proceso penal contra el director del Instituto Nacional de Migración (INM), Francisco Garduño, y otros funcionarios por la muerte de 40 migrantes en un incendio en una estación migratoria en la ciudad fronteriza de Juárez. La Fiscalía ha señalado que los funcionarios incumplieron con sus obligaciones de proteger y dar seguridad a las personas bajo su cuidado, lo que propició los delitos cometidos contra los migrantes. El incendio ocurrió el 27 de marzo y la Fiscalía ha determinado un patrón de conducta en el que se omitieron medidas de seguridad que eran indispensables y obligatorias en estos casos.
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EL PAÍS
La Fiscalía mexicana anuncia que procede “penalmente” contra el jefe de Migración por la tragedia de Ciudad Juárez
La muerte de 40 migrantes en una estación migratoria en marzo puso a Francisco Garduño en la mira. La dependencia no aclara de qué delitos acusará al funcionario, que sigue en su cargo
Jóvenes sin formación ni oportunidades, una cantera para el crimen creciente en Costa Rica
La escalada de violencia en el país centroamericano se nutre de ‘mano de obra’ juvenil que paga la factura de un “apagón” en el sistema educativo y de la exclusión laboral, con una tasa de desempleo superior al 30%
Colombia prepara la primera ley sobre desplazamiento climático en América Latina
Un proyecto de ley propone al Estado reconocer la existencia del desplazamiento forzado interno por causas asociadas al cambio climático y la degradación ambiental
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PÁGINA 12
Chile reduce su jornada laboral
El Congreso chileno aprobó este martes una ley que reduce la semana laboral de 45 a 40 horas y la cual será implementada gradualmente en los próximos cinco años.
https://www.pagina12.com.ar/539684-chile-reduce-su-jornada-laboral
Perú: Pedro Castillo exigió su excarcelación a la Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos
En el contexto de un régimen autoritario y violaciones a los derechos humanos -hay 49 pobladores muertos por disparos de las fuerzas de seguridad duranta manifestaciones antigubernamentales, un millar de heridos y detenciones arbitrarias- la suerte del destituido y encarcelado expresidente Pedro Castillo comienza a jugar etapas decisivas en el terreno internacional. Los juristas argentinos Eugenio Zaffaroni y Guido Croxatto, abogados de Castillo, presentaron este martes un pedido de medida cautelar ante la Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos (CIDH) exigiendo la liberación del exmandatario encarcelado sin una sentencia desde hace más de cuatro meses.
https://www.pagina12.com.ar/539710-peru-pedro-castillo-exigio-su-excarcelacion-a-la-comision-in
Legisladores de EE.UU, Australia y Reino Unido exigieron la liberación de Julian Assange
Decenas de legisladores estadounidenses, australianos y británicos pidieron al fiscal general de Estados Unidos, Merrick B. Garland, que ponga fin al proceso de extradición contra el fundador de WikiLeaks, Julian Assange, al cumplirse este martes el cuarto aniversario de su encarcelamiento en el Reino Unido. El grupo de siete diputadas y diputados demócratas estuvo encabezado por Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, Cori Bush y Ayanna Pressley.
https://www.pagina12.com.ar/539560-parlamentarios-australianos-y-britanicos-exigieron-la-libera
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EL TIEMPO
¿Se cocina un encuentro en Washington entre el presidente Petro y Joe Biden?
El presidente Gustavo Petro iniciará este domingo su segunda gira por Estados Unidos desde que llegó a la presidencia y que, por el momento, incluye paradas en San Francisco, Nueva York y, posiblemente, en Washington.
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LA JORNADA
Aún falta información para decidir si se remueve a Garduño del INM: AMLO
Ciudad de México. Aun cuando el titular del Instituto Nacional de Migración (INM), Francisco Garduño, y otros funcionarios son investigados por la Fiscalía General de la República (FGR) por su probable responsabilidad en acciones que derivaron en el incendio en la estación migratoria de Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, causando el homicidio de 40 personas y lesiones a otros 25 migrantes, el presidente Andrés Manuel López Obrador aseveró que se continuará esperando para resolver si se le remueve o no del cargo.
Repatrian 23 cuerpos a Guatemala y Honduras
Ciudad de México. Los cuerpos de 23 migrantes guatemaltecos y hondureños, quienes fallecieron en el incendio de la estación migratoria de Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, el 27 de marzo, fueron repatriados a sus países de origen la mañana de ayer, en dos aviones de la Fuerza Aérea Mexicana que despegaron del aeropuerto internacional Abraham González de esa urbe fronteriza.
Destruye fuego 80 hectáreas de bosque en Sinaloa
Casi 80 hectáreas de pino fueron arrasadas por un incendio forestal cerca de la comunidad de Loberas, municipio de Concordia, Sinaloa, informó Óscar Osuna, coordinador de Protección Civil del gobierno estatal en la zona sur. Mientras, en la sierra de Chihuahua persisten tres conflagraciones, reportó la Comisión Nacional Forestal (Conafor).
La mayoría de las operaciones extractivas en el país incumple la legislación
La mayoría de las operaciones mineras del país violan la legislación e incumplen con requisitos básicos ambientales. De las 249 minas que extraen oro, plata y otros metales en 79 mil 606 hectáreas, 72 por ciento carecen de permisos de descarga, 62 por ciento no tienen concesiones de líquido y 51 por ciento operan en acuíferos sin disponibilidad de agua.
Caerá cosecha mundial de maíz y soya por sequía en Argentina: EU
Washington. El Departamento de Agricultura de Estados Unidos rebajó de nuevo su estimación de producción mundial de maíz y soya para 2023, principalmente por la sequía en Argentina.
Alertan sobre Reign, nuevo programa espía; detectan operadores en México
Investigadores del Citizen Lab de la Munk School, de la Universidad de Toronto, advirtieron sobre la aparición de un spyware con capacidades de piratería comparables a las de Pegasus, de la empresa israelí NSO Group, que ya ha sido utilizado por clientes para apuntar a más de cinco víctimas, incluidos periodistas, figuras de la oposición política y un empleado de una ONG, informó ayer el diario británico The Guardian.
EU: aún ampliando "vías seguras", continuará expulsión de migrantes
Ciudad de Panamá. Estados Unidos busca ampliar las "vías seguras, ordenadas y legales" para la migración, dijo este martes en Panamá el secretario de Seguridad Nacional de Estados Unidos, Alejandro Mayorkas, en momentos en que crece el récord de personas que cruzan la inhóspita selva del Darién, en la frontera entre Panamá y Colombia.
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